Serine
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A dispensable amino acid; synthesized from other amino acids and metabolites of glucose; participates in protein synthesis, energy production, phospholipid synthesis and one-carbon unit metabolism (required for RNA and DNA synthesis); and quantitatively, serine supplies more one-carbon units than any other nutrient.

A serine deficiency could be a contributing cause of behavioral disturbances, neuritis and neuropathy. In addition, some persons may have a metabolic defect in serine synthesis or a conditional need for it during periods of cell growth and/or physiological stress. A serine deficiency mimics folate and/or vitamin B12 neurological symptoms.

Dietary sources richest in serine (per serving) include nutritional supplements and all foods that are rich in protein, particularly milk protein and meats.